Tuesday, December 31, 2019
High Profile Rape Case - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 652 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Uncategorized Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? High-profile rape cases in the Philippines Researched and compiled by GMA News Research using the following Sources: Inq7. net, Philippine Headline News Online. Supreme Court decisions | | |Year |Victim(s) |Suspect(s) |Notes | |Chiong rape case | |July 16, 1997 |Marijoy Chiong, college beauty |The Supreme Court sentenced to death on February 3, 2004 the|Jacqueline and Marijoy were waiting for a ride home when they| | |queen, raped and killed |following suspects: |were forced into a car at about 10 p. . on July 16, 1997 at | | |Jacqueline Chiong, rapedà |Francisco Juan Paco Larranaga, a scion of the influential |the Ayala Center Cebu. | |(disappeared) |and powerful Osmena clan | | | | |Jozman Aznar, whose family owns a hospital and a schoolà |The sisters were brought to a house in Barangay Guadalupe, | | | |Rowen Adlawan |Cebu City, where they were raped. Then they were brought to | | | |Ariel Balansagà |Sitio Tan-awan in Carcar town, about 40 km south of here, | | | |Alberto Cano |where they were again molested. | | |James Anthony Uy, one of the seven suspects, was spared from| | | | |the death penalty because he was only 16 at the time the |Marijoys badly bruised body was found in a ravine in Sitio | | | |crime was committed |Tan-awan a day after the abduction. Jacquelines body remains| | | |James Andrew Uy, older brother of James Anthony, was |missing to this day. | | | |originally sentenced to death, but was downgraded to life | | | | |imprisonment after the court found out that he was only 17 | | | | |years old when the crime was committed. | | | |Jalosjos case | |1996 |11-year old girl, raped |Zamboanga del Norte Congressman Romeo Jalosjos was found |Statutory rape case. | | | |guilty beyond reasonable doubt of two counts of statutory | | | | |rape and six counts of acts of lasciviousness.. | | | |The Supreme Court affirmed the lower courts decision | | | | |sentencing Jalosjos to two reclusion perpetua. He was also | | | | |order ed to pay the additional amount of P50,000. 0 as civil | | | | |indemnity for each count of statutory rape and acts of | | | | |lasciviousness. | | | | |The SC also increased to P50,000. 0 the award of moral | | | | |damages for each count of acts of lasciviousness. .à | | | | Sarmenta-Gomez rape slay case | |June 28, 1993 |Mary Eileen Sarmenta, 21, UP Los |The Supreme Court found Calauan, Laguna Mayor Antonio |Supreme Court decision on the Allan Gomez-Eileen Sarmenta | | |Banos student, raped and killed |Sanchez and six others were found guilty of seven counts of |rape-slay | | | |rape with homicide. | | |Allan Gomez, 19, boyfriend of |George Medialdea | | | |Sarmenta, killedà |Ziolo Ama | | | | |Baldwin Brion | | | | |Luis Corcolon | | | | |Rogelio Corcolon | | | | |Pepito Kawit | | | | |Each of them wereà sentenced to seven reclusion perpetua and| | | | |were ordered to pay the respective heirs of Eileen Sarmenta | | | | |and Allan Gomez P700,000. 00 as additional indemn ity. | | | |Vizconde Massacre | |June 30, 1991 |Carmela Vizconde, 17, raped and |Sentenced to a jail term of reclusion perpetua on January 6,|The verdict came eight and a half years after the crime | | |killed |2000 by Judge Amelita G. Tolentino of the Paranaque Regional| | | | |Trial Court:à | | | |Estrellita Vizconde, a |Hubert Jeffrey P. Webb, son of former Senator Freddie Webb | | | |businesswoman, killed |Antonio Tony Boy Lejano II, (son of actress-singer Pinky | | | |Jennifer Vizconde, killed |de Leon and nephew of actor Christopher de Leon)à | | | | |Hospicio Pyke Fernandezà | | | | |Miguel Ging Rodriguez | | | | |à Michael Gatchalian | | | | |à Peter Estrada | | | | |Meted a jail term of 11 years, four months and one day to 12| | | | |years: | | | | |former policeman Gerardo Biong, who was convicted for being | | | | |an accessory to the rape and homicide by allegedly helping | | | | |the accused tamper with evidence | | | | |Ordered the immediate arrest of: | | | |à Artemio Dong Ventura (at large when the verdict came out)| | | | |Joey Filart (at large when the verdict came out) | | |Maggie de la Riva case | |June 26, 1967 |movie actress Magdalena Maggie de |Four suspects were convicted of forcible abduction with rape|Read the Supreme Court decision on the Maggie de la Riva case| | |la Riva, 25, single |and of three other crimes of rape. Each of them were | | | | |sentenced to four death penalties and were ordered to pay de| | | | |la Riva P10,000. 00 each. | | | | |Executed in 1972 full view of television cameras were: | | | | |Jaime G. Jose | | | | |Basilio Pineda, Jr. | | | |Edgardo P. Aquino | | | | |Rogelio Canal, one of the four, died in prison on December | | | | |28 | | |[pic] | Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "High Profile Rape Case" essay for you Create order
Monday, December 23, 2019
To Do, or Not to Do Cowardice in Hamlet by William...
To Do, or Not to Do Hamlet is a coward. In the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare he delays avenging his fatherââ¬â¢s death. He is visited by his father in the form of a ghost. He is told by the ghost to get revenge and kill his uncle Claudius, because he murdered him and married his wife to become king. Hamlet experiences a tremendous amount of internal conflict throughout the play. He is constantly debating whether or not he should face his troubles. He goes through a lot of conflict throughout the play especially with his uncle/stepfather king Claudius. Hamlet is delayed by a combination of internal character traits and external obstacles because of his passive nature, doesnââ¬â¢t trust the ghost, the ghost gives him ambiguous instruction andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Hamlet still does not act upon this as quickly as he claims, which shows that he is unable to step into action. Hamlet is unsure if he can trust the ghost. At that time ghosts were considered evil. So Hamle t was suspicious. He hated his uncle but wanted to take his time and not murder King Claudius without any proof. Hamlet didnââ¬â¢t want to take the ghosts word in case it was evil. He decided to find out if what the ghost is saying is true or not because Hamlet says ââ¬Å"[â⬠¦] The spirit that I have seen May be the devil, and the devil hath power, To assume a pleasing shape; yea, and perhaps, Out of my weakness and my melancholy, As he is very potent with such spirits, Abuses me to damn meâ⬠(2.2.624-629). In this quote, he is saying murder has no tongue, but miraculously it still finds a way to speak. He will have actors perform his fatherââ¬â¢s murder in front of his uncle. He will watch his uncle and see if he flinches. If he becomes pale, he will know what to do. Hamlet also says the ghost he saw may be the devil, and the devil has the power to assume a pleasing disguise, and so he may be taking advantage of his weakness and sadness to bring about his damnation. He needs better evidence than the ghost to work with. The playââ¬â¢s the thing to uncover the conscience of the king. This shows that Hamlet thinks that the ghost is a devil. Hamlet decides to investigate the murder and finds out that the ghost was right about King Claudius murdering hisShow MoreRelated The Subject of Choice in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay830 Words à |à 4 PagesShakespeares Hamlet It is said that life is nothing more than an endless stream of choices. Every day before work or school, we must all make choicesââ¬âwhat to eat, what to wear, whether or not to bother with that homework assignmentââ¬âsome of which are trivial, while others have the direst consequences. In Shakespeareââ¬â¢s classic play Hamlet, the inner thoughts that accompany each decision, as well as the quest for what is actually truth and what is lie, is brought to light in Act 2.2. Hamlet is caughtRead MoreHamlet, Shakespeares Spectacle Essay990 Words à |à 4 Pagesof the tragedy of Hamlet. The most regaling aspects of this play, despite the entertaining and compelling qualities just mentioned, are the revenge and the surprisingly unappealing nature of the main character, Hamlet. Throughout the play, Hamlet makes stupid choices that will ultimately lead to his own death, and the death of many around him. Hamlet should not be identified as a courageous hero seeking to avenge his fa ther but instead as a coward lacking determination. Hamlet and revenge are almostRead MoreAnalysis Of William Shakespeare s Macbeth 1149 Words à |à 5 Pagesplaywright, William Shakespeare remains to this very day a man with a past shrouded in mystery. Very few documents provide historians insight on his personal life. In fact, the record of Shakespeare in his earliest years is limited to a mere baptismal record that reveals his birth date to be around April 26, 1564. Fifty-two years later from that day, Shakespeare would be interred at Trinity Church. Born near London in the town of Stratford-upon-Avon as the third child to John Shakespeare, the localRead MoreCause and Effect Hamlet Essay902 Words à |à 4 PagesCause and Effect Hamlet Essay William Shakespeare, arguably the greatest language in the English language and Englandââ¬â¢s national poet, has written numerous histories, tragedies, comedies and poems. Throughout his plays, his use of dramatic irony, immaculate word choice and wording, and his vast imagination has made him a successful playwright even in his time. Shakespeareââ¬â¢s scripts for his theatrical company, needed to pertain to the needs and fascinations of the Elizabethan audience. It is safeRead More Hamlets Frustration Essay1064 Words à |à 5 Pagesto understand Hamlet, we must understand his frustration. This frustration is most clear in his famous monologue, famously beginning with the line Oh what a rogue and peasant slave am I. This self-condemnation is contrasted by his admiration for the actor of the previous scene, who in a fiction is able to force his soul to his own conceit. The word soul is an example of metonymy, as the soul represents the actors visage, tears, distraction, and voice. Thus Hamlet equates soulRead MoreElements of Religion in the Renaissance Portrayed in Hamlet by William Shakespeare751 Words à |à 4 PagesRenaissance Portrayed in Hamlet by William Shakespeare Literature of the Renaissance was far different from that of the previous eras. Man was now thought of as the center of life, as opposed to God being the center in earlier times. Also, man was thought to have free will over his life, not being simply a pawn of the Gods. These new ideals were presented in the theaters as well as written literature. The esteemed William Shakespeare incorporatedRead More Indecision, Hesitation and Delay in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1334 Words à |à 6 PagesHesitation in Hamlet à à à à William Shakespeares Hamlet is tragic because all of the enmity being the product of one mans inability to make decisions. I believe the play is showing the steps of hesitation a person goes through who cannot choose, and the resultant angst. This one man is Prince Hamlet. Throughout the play he comes into situations where he just cant move himself into action. In Act I, Scene 5 Hamlet has an encounter with a ghost who explains that it is Hamlets deceasedRead MoreEssay on Hamlets Procrastination And Co919 Words à |à 4 Pages Hamletamp;#8217;s Procrastination and Cowardicenbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In William Shakespeareamp;#8217;s play Hamlet, Hamlet is a loyal prince who vows to avenge his fatheramp;#8217;s murder. When Hamlet discovers the painful truth about his fatheramp;#8217;s death, he is left with feelings of hatred and resentment in his heart towards the murderer, Claudius. Although Hamlet is a very noble and sophisticated man, he struggles with the issue of avenging his fatheramp;#8217;s death. HeRead MoreThe Many Identities of Hamlet in Hamlet by William Shakespeare680 Words à |à 3 PagesThe Many Identities of Hamlet in Hamlet by William Shakespeare In the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the protagonist, Price Hamlet, uses several ways to defend himself against his oedipal desires, his animosity towards his uncle, as well as his own inner conflict . Hamlets hatred towards Claudius stems from two crimes committed; Claudius murder of his brother and his incest with Hamlets mother. Because of the seriousness of both crimes, as well as the fact that both persons affected areRead MoreEssay about The Delay in Hamletââ¬â¢s Revenge3058 Words à |à 13 Pagesafter learning of his fathers murder are of an immediate, violent revenge upon Claudius. However, his subsequent actions do not live up to these resolutions. Over four acts he takes little deliberate action against his uncle, although the ghost explicitly demands a swift revenge. In S. T. Coleridges words, Hamlets central weakness is that he is continually resolving to do, yet doing nothing but resolve. Hamlets first soliloquy, following a hostile conversation with Claudius and Gertrude
Sunday, December 15, 2019
The Origins of Masks Free Essays
There is evidence that masks have been under the eye of the world for at least 20,000 years. There is evidence to prove this all over the world, which includes paintings on the walls of the insides of various different caves in Southern France, to images also painted or inscribed on the walls of pyramids in the Sahara desert of Egypt. Although our own British culture is extremely different to that of many others around the world, we are becoming increasingly more aware of how and why masks were first invented and the repercussions of them all around the globe. We will write a custom essay sample on The Origins of Masks or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is due to television documentaries, internet pages, and books at all of our local libraries. It is this point alone which initially brought my attention to that of the African Tribal, Japanese Theatrical and the Viennese Ball masks. Although these are all quite different types of masks, they all have similar reasons for existing, whether it is religious, celebratory, or even to shadow oneââ¬â¢s identity. By todayââ¬â¢s standards, many people believe the creation and use of masks to be only that of historical value; however this could not be more wrong as there is in depth evidence all around us which proves otherwise. African Tribal Mask. Example of Bamileke High Priest Mask taken from www.rebirth.co.za For many centuries African Tribal masks, played a major role in rituals, celebrations, ceremonial and tribal initiations. Masking rituals are normally accompanied with prayer, music, song and or dance. After researching the masks of African Tribes people, it is clearly visible that the different types of masks in which they use/used, fit in to eight different categories. However, the one that grasped my attention from the moment I set eyes upon it was the Bamileke Mask. When I first seen this mask I was immediately mesmerised by the fact that where it is reasonably bright and colourful, it becomes increasingly dull when the expressions of the face are observed. This fact initially led me to believe that this type of mask was created for funerary purposes; however this is merely the tip of the iceberg. The Bamileke mask was always worn by the chief of a particular tribe and it was this character that would take up the role of high priest, or chief, enabling him to initiate new-born babies to the tribe, lead celebratory or funerary rituals, lead his army in expeditions of war, harvesting and planting of crops and many more. ââ¬Å"It is believed that when the Tribe leader wore the mask, he was transformed into animal form, primarily elephant, lizard, or buffalo. This allowed him to create a link between the human and spirit realm to seek guidance from his ancestorsâ⬠(1). This is a prime example of the fact that the Bamileke mask was used for religious ceremonies, however from my own personal research, I think it would be unjust to declare that this mask is of purely religious qualities, because in this unique culture, everything which is done, whether it regards basic human survival techniques, or celebratory events, it is impossible to determine where religious elements come into the equation as they treat everything they do with such high regard. Bamileke masks are always constructed of a mixture of different natural materials. Where most traditional tribal masks were made from clay or mud, which was molded into the shape to fit the wearers face, the Bamileke mask was carved directly from the trunk of a tree which had been blessed by one of the elders before hand. It was then that a mixture of mud and sand was added on top of the wood to allow a suitable surface for painting, adding beads and stones, and in some cases, decorative leaves. Japanese Theatrical Mask. Example of Shikami Mask Taken from www.nohmask.com Japanese theatrical and dance performance masks are known as Noh masks. ââ¬Å"Each individual mask represents a certain person, hero, devil, ghost or legendary animal, depending on what the character is in the performanceâ⬠2. Masks were first used in Japan, since the Jomon period of time. This period of time spanned from 10,000 B.C; to 300 B.C. Out of all the Japanese masks that I came across while researching them, there was one particular mask that stood out to me above all of the others, the Shikami mask. These particular masks are used to represent a demon, (this can be taken literally or metaphorically, depending on the story line of the play). For example, if the certain play is centered on the afterlife or elements of a more dark, or gothic nature, the Shikami mask would more often than not be taken literally. However if the play was focusing on more modern themes, for example adultery, or murder, the Shikami mask would probably be metaphorical for a person who is to be looked upon as being of a more evil or bad nature. I believe that the way in which the Shikami mask is presented is extremely clever, as on many occasions, it would look like Satan or other dark or demonic characters as they would do so from a stereotypical point of view, in order to make the audience immediately scared or at least weary about them. A basic description which is used across many books and internet sources for a Shikami mask is, ââ¬Å"Fierce scowling face, showing extreme agitation, used for demonic spirit. It expresses masculine rage. The Shikami mask features the application of dark red colour, to crowââ¬â¢s-feet and temples of the headâ⬠3. Japanese masks are always made of materials such as clay, dry lacquer, cloth, paper, and wood. The Shikami mask in particular is handcrafted from wood, before it is painted in a shiny lacquer. This is done to make every element of the mask stand out. The main surface area of the Shikami mask was always painted bright red, in order to express the anger and ferocious nature of that particular characters aura. The eyes and teeth were always painted bright gold, in order to bring more attention to them rather than anywhere else on the mask, as it was these aspects of it which explained the theme of the mask in more detail. Viennese Ball Mask. Venetian Ball Masks originated from Venice in the 13th century, however the exact year in which they were invented is unclear. The first Carnival of Venice was recorded in 1268 and it was these events in which the masks were initially used. Where as the African Tribal and Japanese theatrical masks are not only harder to come by, but are always a lot more expensive, Viennese Ball masks can be found as easily as looking through your everyday shop windows. The fact that they are always a lot more decorative and fancy in a sense, they are commonly used for public holidays, the most famous of which being Halloween. Example of Renaissance Long Nose mask taken from www.nohmask.com Viennese masks were originally invented so that a certain person, usually who came from an upper class background, could participate in activities which they would not normally do so. There are a wide range of different Viennese masks, some of which merely cover only the eyes, to others which cover the vast majority of the face, and some times even the hair or neck of the wearer. This allows them to engage in certain activities which they would not normally do so, and keeps their true identity hidden from the public eye. In modern day life, there have been many adaptations of the Viennese Ball mask to adequately obtain discretion, for example a balaclava. However this form of discretion has enabled many illegal activities to be completed more successfully, and nowadays they are commonly banned from sale at many major retailers in a bid to try and discourage these things from happening. When they were first invented, Viennese Ball masks were more often than not made with papier machete. This was achieved by taking a mould direct from a personââ¬â¢s face, and then building off that. In more modern situations however, plastic or latex was used, as it was simply easier to gain a more precise and accurate version of the design in which the person desired. On most occasions, a mold was created first, using the same techniques of the papier machete way; however melted plastic is then placed in to the mould, effectively making it quicker and in most cases cheaper to produce. A certain Viennese mask which I was drawn to, was the renaissance long nose mask. Considering the time period in which these masks were originally created, it astounds me to even consider how such a complex design was achieved with the tools that they would have had access to. The initial idea of the long, pointed nose was almost a superstition as it was believed to be an imitation of the devise which was used to hold vinegar in around the time of the bubonic plague to hold off the disease, or at least the bad odors of the sick or dying. Conclusion. From the research which I have gathered about these three different masks, I have discovered that although they all originated in extremely different circumstances, the reasons for their creations are not all that different. It is clear to me that whether the reason for the masksââ¬â¢ being is to allow someone to transform into animal form in order to get in touch with their spiritual or ancestral roots, or simply just to shadow someoneââ¬â¢s everyday personality, they have been put their, in place in order to allow a person to change their usual form; almost a form of escapism. It ha also come to my attention that whether it regards masks, or any other aspect of a certain culture which is different to our own, they are most definitely not to be underestimated no matter what time period in which it derives from. How to cite The Origins of Masks, Papers
Saturday, December 7, 2019
Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods
Question: Discuss about the Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. Answer: Introduction: With the growth of electronic commerce (e-commerce), companies are trying to gain a competitive advantage in their respective industries by using online markets to interact and attract more customers. Online shopping platform plays a vital role bringing together the marketers and their clients (Madaan, 2009). The dynamics of the fashion industry has been impacted dramatically. Many consumers of clothes, with different tastes and preferences, are now spending more time online to find products that best meet their needs and expectations. This study seeks to establish Customers satisfaction on online clothes shopping. Although the number of online users has increased over the last two decades, very few studies have been conducted to investigate their perception of presentation and content of products online (Turban, 2011). There are no studies that have established the factors that influence the customers satisfaction with online shopping. Therefore, a study should be conducted to establish product display influence customers willingness to shop online. To identify the product features that customers expect to find on the online clothes shopping To establish the types of clothing products the customers prefer buying online and the ones they would rather buying in the traditional markets. To establish factors that contribute to customers satisfaction with online clothes shopping To identify issues faced by consumers when making online purchases. Background/ Literature Review Traditionally, consumers go through five stages of buying decision while looking for products. The stages are mostly followed when looking for costly products such as cars, clothes, cars and jewelry. However, some buyers make a purchasing decision based on their experience and do not have to go through the five stages of buying decision making (Shiffman, 2008). With the growth of e-commerce, many marketers are now using the internet to reach millions of online users. Online shopping has presented companies with a new opportunity to gain a competitive advantage over their competitors in the traditional markets (Turban, 2011). Through online shopping, consumers can select their preferred products, make an order and make a payment without leaving their homes. The studies by (Gay, 2007), (Demangeot Broderick, 2007), Showed that the experience that consumers have while searching for information on given products affect their perception about a companys site and the product. Studies by (Turban, 2011), (Laudon, 2008), (Gay, 2007) found out that customers satisfaction on online market is influenced by image of the e-store, customer service and delivery, purchase behaviour, service quality, motivations and personalization, reliability, trust, cost, and transaction, privacy, incentive offered, online interactivity, web-site design, convenience, risk management and security of information and responsiveness. In this context, the research question to be answered is: Research Methodology This is a descriptive research which seeks to explore the customer satisfaction with online clothes shopping. To answer the research question, primary data will be collected using questionnaire (Adam, J Kamuzora, F.K, 2008). The questionnaire will consist of closed-ended questions for the purpose of uniformity of answers. The questions are not complicated to reduce biases and facilitate tabulation and coding of answers. A simple random design will be used to collect data. Qualitative analysis methods such as IBM SPSS and Microsoft will be used for analysis (Creswell, 2013). References Adam, J, Kamuzora, F.K. (2008). Research Methods for Business and Social Studies. Washington,DC: Cambridge University Press. Albrecht, S. L. (2012). Handbook of Employee Engagement: Perspectives, Issues, Research and Practice . New Jersey: Edward Elgar Pub. Bryman , A., Bell , E. (2011). Business Research Methods (Third Edition ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. Bryman, A., Bell , E. (2011). Business Research Methods (3 edition ed.). Washington, DC: Oxford University Press. Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K. (2012). Research methods in education. London: RoutledgeFalmer. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. New Jersey: Sage publications. Demangeot, C., Broderick, A. J. (2007). Conceptualising consumer behaviour in online shopping environments. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 35(11 ), pp 878-894. Fisher, R. A. (2011). Statistical methods for research workers. Darien, CT: Hafner Pub. Co. . Gay, R. (2007). Online Marketing: a customer-led approach. New York: Oxford University Press. Kothari, C. (2004). Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New Delhi: New Age Publications. Laudon, K. C. (2008). E. Commerce. Business. Technology Society. New York: Prentice Hall. Madaan, K. V. (2009). Fundamentals of Retailing. Tata : McGraw Hill. Patton, M. Q. (2001). Qualitative Research Evaluation Methods. Chicago: SAGE Publications. Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Shiffman, L. G. (2008). Consumer Behavior. London: Pearson Education. Turban, E. (2011). Electronic Commerce: A Managerial Perspective. India: Pearson Education . Yun, Z. S., Good, L. K. (2007). Developing customer loyalty from e-tail store image attributes. Journal of Service Quality, 17(1 ), pp 4-22.
Friday, November 29, 2019
Poem The Beach Essays - Beach, , Term Papers
Poem: The Beach Ryan Hartney English 9 3/8/01 The Beach I have always liked the beach best Its fun in the sun for everyone You can have a picnic Or play in the ocean Or play games on the sand I love just watching and listening Hearing the waves come crashing down The display of colors in the sunset The best is at night Seeing the moon reflect of the dark water While listening to the waves come crashing down Surrounded by palm trees Feeling the breeze And the sand is not hot God I hate driving out of that beach parking lot Poetry Essays
Monday, November 25, 2019
The Safety and Efficacy of Creatine, Ephedra, and Anabolic-Steroid Precursors
The Safety and Efficacy of Creatine, Ephedra, and Anabolic-Steroid Precursors Free Online Research Papers This paper was used in a 200 level Health and Human Science course. The paper received an A. Review of: ââ¬Å"The Safety and Efficacy of Creatine, Ephedra, and Anabolic-Steroid Precursorsâ⬠The title of the reviewed article is ââ¬Å"The Safety and Efficacy of Creatine, Ephedra, and Anabolic-Steroid Precursorsâ⬠by Michael E. Powers, PhD, ATC, CSCS of Shenandoah University. This article is targeted to any athlete who is considering the use of a performance enhancing supplement. The article informs the reader of the three questions that one should always ask before taking a supplement: Is it legal? Is it safe? Does it work? The article proceeds to answer these questions for each supplement in the study. To begin the article Dr. Powers sets some guide lines for a good scientific study. He makes a strong point of why the term ââ¬Å"naturalâ⬠supplement should not imply in all cases. The studies conducted by manufactures often only involve young, healthy, athletic, individuals. This is not a good representation of the population that has the potential to consume these supplements and thus should be considered before taking. The theory behind creatine is similar to carbohydrate loading. Increased muscle creatine and phosphocreatine would enhance the capacity of the phosphagen energy system. This would then result in a greater resistance to fatigue, and improve performance. The author states that the efficacy of creatine as a performance enhancer remains inconclusive. However, in certain groups of people recovery times have been shown to decrease. The general conclusion from studies listed is that creatine has no negative short term or long term side effects. Ephedra is classifieds as a sympathomimetic alkaloid because it directly stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Ingestion has failed to improve muscle strength, endurance, and power on its own. However studies that combine the ephedra with the caffeine have shown to significantly increase endurance in studies when placebos were used as the control. However, the side effects associated with ephedra can be quite serious. These side effects ranged from headaches, restlessness, tremors and palpitations to severe hypertension, seizures, and even stroke. DHEA (Dehydroepiandrosterone), Aââ¬â¢dione (androstenedione), and Aââ¬â¢diol (androstenediol) are androgenic hormones. Although they have very little androgenic activity on their own, they act as precursors to testosterone. High dosages of these supplements did show to increase the levels of testosterone levels and thus improving performance. However the side effects to these supplements are quite serious. Including liver dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, and suppressed testosterone production. The author makes a strong scientific argument to research the supplement you are thinking of consuming. The long term effects can be quite serious and the desired effects can often be marketing hype. Dr. Powers sites 73 different scientifically focused studies with every claim made and thus showing his scientific intent. Being that I tried a variety of supplements I think this article will further assist me in not being lost in the hype of a supplementââ¬â¢s marketing campaign. Also, in many cases the long term effects of supplements appear to have the exact opposite effect of good health. This will greatly effect my choices for the future. I had planned on supplementing my workout routine with creatine to assist in recovery and based on this article I see no reason to remove it from that plan. I have used creatine in the past and know that my body responds well. Overall I am happy to have reviewed this article and feel as though I have more insight on how different supplements work with or against the body. Research Papers on The Safety and Efficacy of Creatine, Ephedra, and Anabolic-Steroid PrecursorsEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenGenetic EngineeringRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanCapital PunishmentThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andResearch Process Part OnePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyTrailblazing by Eric AndersonDefinition of Export Quotas
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Transcendentalism in Walden by Henry David Thoreau Research Paper
Transcendentalism in Walden by Henry David Thoreau - Research Paper Example ââ¬Å"What everybody echoes or in silence passes by as true to-day may turn out to be falsehood to-morrow, mere smoke of opinion, which some had trusted for a cloud that would sprinkle fertilizing rain on their fieldsâ⬠(Thoreau, 7). One of the basic princiAdvices may be given by adults to the youths however there is not much of credibility in them for their advice to be taken with such significance. People have different fates and experiences and no 2 different people will have the same circumstances brought up to them. Another principle of transcendentalism is that genuine change is derived from within the person himself and not from othersââ¬â¢ influence and it is not to please these people but to please the self. A change is not constituted by outside influence but more on taking in consideration a personââ¬â¢s thought on what the change would do for him rather than if it would please others.The author also did not exclude the word I in the context. Rather Thoreau use d the 1st person way of speaking rather than using the 3rd person which is usually being used by writers in voicing out the writerââ¬â¢s opinions and beliefs. The author contradicts the customary way of writing as he states:In most books, the I, or first person, is omitted; in this it will be retained; that, in respect to egotism, is the main difference. We commonly do not remember that it is, after all, always the first person speaking. I should not talk so much about myself if there were anybody else whom I knew as well.
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